Ear mange in cats

What is ear mange in cats? 

Ear mange in cats is a parasitic disease caused by tiny mites living in the ear canals. These mites, known as Otodectes cynotis, can also spread to the skin around the ears. Although common in cats of all ages, kittens are more likely to be affected due to their underdeveloped immune systems.

This condition can cause severe discomfort, leading to intense scratching and irritation. If left untreated, ear mange can lead to more serious problems, including chronic ear infections and hearing loss.

Signs your cat may have ear mange

It’s important to recognise the signs of ear mange early to prevent further discomfort and complications. Look out for the following symptoms:

• Vigorous scratching of the ears
• Black-brown discharge.
• Head shaking.
• Redness or sores around the ears from excessive scratching.
• Foul smell coming from the ears. 

If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to consult your vet. Ear mange is highly contagious and spreads quickly between animals.

How do cats get ear mange? 

Ear mange is primarily spread through direct contact with other infected animals. It’s highly contagious, especially in multi-pet households or environments like rescues. Cats can pass the mites to each other when they groom, play, or sleep close together. Dogs can also catch ear mange and spread it to cats, so it’s important to monitor all your pets.

Diagnosing ear mange in cats 

Only a vet can accurately diagnose ear mange. If you suspect your cat has ear mites, book an appointment as soon as possible. During the visit, the vet will use an instrument called an otoscope to inspect your cat’s ears. They may see the mites moving inside the ear canal. If necessary, they might take a sample and examine it under a microscope.

It’s vital to catch ear mange early, as untreated mites can cause chronic ear infections, permanent damage to the ear canal, and in some cases, hearing loss.

How is ear mange treated in cats? 

Treating ear mange involves multiple steps, including cleaning the ears and applying anti-parasitic medications. Here’s what you can expect:

1. Ear cleaning: Your vet may first clean your cat’s ears to remove the black-brown discharge. This not only helps your cat feel better but also allows any medication to work more effectively.
2. Spot-on treatment: The most common treatment for ear mange is a spot-on anti-parasitic treatment. These medications are applied to the back of your cat’s neck and work by killing the mites over time. You might need to repeat this treatment for a few weeks to ensure all the mites are gone.
3. Anti-inflammatory medication: If your cat’s ears are severely irritated, the vet might prescribe anti-inflammatory drops or ointments to reduce pain and swelling.

As ear mange is contagious, you should treat all the cats in your household, even if only one shows symptoms. Ear mites can also spread to dogs, so check and treat them as needed.

Can ear mites affect other pets or humans?

Yes, ear mange is highly contagious to other pets, including dogs. If one of your pets has ear mange, monitor your other pets closely. While humans are rarely affected, it’s still important to wash your hands and clean your cat’s bedding regularly to prevent the spread of mites.

Can ear mites cause other health problems?

If left untreated, ear mange can lead to more serious health issues:

• Chronic ear infections: Mites irritate the ear canal, which can lead to painful, ongoing infections. This can be particularly hard to manage in older cats.
• Deafness: Severe ear infections or long-term mite infestations can cause permanent damage to the ear canal, potentially resulting in partial or complete hearing loss.
• Seizures: In rare cases, untreated ear mange can cause neurological symptoms, such as seizures, due to the extreme irritation in the ears.

Home remedies for ear mange in cats 

While home remedies are often suggested online, it’s essential to consult your vet before trying any treatment. Some remedies may be ineffective or even harmful to your cat. Veterinary treatments, such as spot-on treatments or prescription medications, are the safest and most effective options for getting rid of ear mites.

How long does it take to get rid of ear mites?

The time it takes to clear up ear mange varies depending on how severe the infestation is and how quickly you begin treatment. With proper treatment, most cases of ear mange clear up within a few weeks. However, you’ll need to follow your vet’s instructions carefully and complete the full course of treatment to ensure all the mites are eliminated.

How to prevent ear mange in cats 

Preventing ear mange involves keeping your cat and its environment clean. Here are some tips to reduce the risk of infection:

• Regularly clean your cat’s bedding and grooming tools. 
• Keep an eye on your cat's ears and clean them if advised by a vet.
• If your cat is social with other animals, check for signs of ear mites regularly.
• Use preventative anti-parasitic treatments, especially if your cat spends time outdoors or with other pets. 

Costs of treating ear mange in cats

The cost of treating ear mange will depend on several factors, such as the severity of the condition, the type of treatment required and even the size of the animal being treated. If the infection is severe or has caused complications, additional treatments may be needed, increasing the overall cost. Cat insurance can help cover treatments for ear mange in cats, helping to alleviate the financial burden of veterinary care.

Ear mange is a common but treatable condition in cats. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing long-term damage and keeping your cat comfortable. If you suspect your cat has ear mites, consult your vet as soon as possible to start treatment and stop the spread to other pets. Regular ear checks and good hygiene can help prevent future infestations.

Last reviewed by Adam Jolley, October 2024.