Our guide to living with a Pug
The Pug is a small breed originating from China, recognised for its flat face, compact body and tightly curled tail. It’s now primarily kept as a companion dog. Living with a Pug requires careful consideration of its health and welfare needs, as the breed is prone to a number of conditions that may develop over time and require ongoing care or long-term management. Taking out pet insurance early can help manage the cost of unexpected veterinary treatment throughout their life.
Pug quick facts
- Origin: China
- Lifespan: 10-13 years
- Height: 25-33cm
- Weight: 6-8kg
- Coat: Short, smooth coat in colours including fawn, black and apricot
- Temperament: Companion breed with moderate exercise needs
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Pug temperament
Pugs are companion dogs bred primarily for close human interaction. They’re typically low to moderate energy dogs that require regular companionship and interaction.
They’re generally responsive to training but can be stubborn at times. As a small breed, they’re often kept in domestic environments where their exercise and environmental needs can be managed easily.
Pug size & appearance
Pugs are a small, compact breed with a short muzzle, round head and tightly curled tail. Their flat facial structure is a defining breed characteristic but it’s also associated with several health considerations.
They typically weigh between 6-8kg and stand 25-33cm tall. Their coat is short and low-maintenance, usually fawn or black in colour.
Pug grooming
Pugs have a short coat that’s relatively easy to maintain, but they do require regular care of their facial folds to help reduce the risk of irritation and infection.
Routine cleaning of skin folds, along with regular bathing, nail trimming and ear care, is recommended. Due to their skin structure, they can be more prone to skin-related issues that require ongoing attention.
Pug health issues
Pugs can be prone to a number of health conditions, many linked to their flat face, skin structure and body conformation.
The Royal Kennel Club has placed the breed in Category 3 due to concerns about its health and welfare. Here are some of the most common health issues seen in Pugs:
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)
Their flat face and narrowed airways can lead to breathing difficulties, reduced exercise tolerance and overheating. Some cases may require ongoing management or surgical intervention.
Eye conditions
Pugs can be prone to conditions such as ulcerative keratitis and dry eye. These may cause discomfort and may require ongoing treatment or specialist veterinary care.
Skin fold dermatitis
Skin folds can trap moisture and bacteria, leading to irritation and infection. This may require regular cleaning, medication and long-term management.
Neurological and spinal conditions
Conditions such as intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) can affect their mobility and cause pain. Treatment may range from conservative management to surgery depending on how severe it is.
Allergies (hypersensitivity)
Pugs may develop allergic skin conditions triggered by environmental or dietary factors. These often require ongoing management, including medication and repeat vet visits.
Common conditions for the Pug
Here are the top 5 most commonly claimed health conditions for the Pug breed, to help you better understand their healthcare needs.
Top 5 common conditions based on Agria Pet Insurance claims for Pug's in 2025.
- 1
Ulcerative keratitis
- 2
Hypersensitivity
- 3
Seizure disorder
- 4
Intervertebral disc extrusion
- 5
Mast cell tumour
Many of these conditions can require ongoing management rather than one-off treatment. This may include repeat consultations, prescription medication, diagnostic tests or specialist veterinary care. Having dog insurance in place early can help ensure these types of conditions remain covered throughout your Pug’s life.
For dog breeders and puppy buyers, it’s also important to note that Royal Kennel Club recommends checking the puppy’s mum for a number of specific genetic conditions.
Things to consider before getting a Pug
The Pug is a small companion breed with specific health and welfare considerations, particularly relating to its breathing, eye health and skin conditions.
Due to their flat face, they can be sensitive to heat and may require careful management during exercise and warm weather. Regular veterinary care is often needed to monitor and manage ongoing health conditions.
Their needs should be considered carefully due to the likelihood of long-term veterinary involvement for some dogs.
Why more and more Pug owners are insuring with Agria
With Agria, it's lifetime, every time
At Agria, we believe pet insurance should last your pet’s lifetime. Our policies provide lifelong vet’s fees cover for illnesses and injuries. This means that, provided your policy is renewed each year, your maximum benefit will be refreshed, providing cover for ongoing conditions.
So, whatever happens throughout your Pug's life, we’ll always be there for you and your dog!
Agria Pet Insurance has been awarded 'best pet insurance overall' from The Telegraph.
Agria Pet Insurance is top of the Which? Best Buy dog insurance table for our Lifetime Premium dog insurance product. We are also a Which? Best Buy for our Lifetime, Lifetime Plus and Lifetime Premium dog insurance products and our Lifetime, Lifetime Plus, Lifetime Premium, Home and Home Plus cat insurance products.
We have also been awarded the 'best pet insurance overall' from The Telegraph. Which? policy score ratings are based on an analysis of policy cover levels conducted in November 2025. Best Buy providers have a high policy score and a good track record for paying claims. Find out more.
Pug FAQs
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